By ECZ Study Tool, September 28, 2023
A mutation is a change or alteration in an organism's DNA, which can result in a new trait or characteristic. Mutations can occur spontaneously or be caused by external factors and play a role in genetic diversity and evolution.
Mutations are like nature's way of
introducing variability in the genetic code. Types of Mutations: Mutations can
take various forms, including point mutations involving changes in a single DNA
base pair, insertion or deletion of DNA segments, and chromosomal mutations involving
alterations in the number or structure of entire chromosomes.
Causes of Mutations: Mutations can
occur spontaneously during DNA replication, but they can also be induced by
external factors such as radiation, chemicals, or environmental conditions.
These factors can increase the rate at which mutations happen.
Role in Evolution: While many
mutations are neutral or harmful, some can lead to beneficial changes in an
organism's traits. These beneficial mutations can be essential for the process
of evolution, as they provide the raw Inheritance: Mutations can be passed from
one generation to the next if they occur in the reproductive cells sperm and
egg. Over time, mutations can accumulate and contribute to the genetic
diversity of a species.
Material upon which natural
selection can act.
In summary, mutations are changes
in an organism's DNA that can result in new traits or characteristics. They are
a natural part of the evolutionary process and play a significant role in the
diversity of life on Earth.
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